The group of polyester fibers represents the largest share of synthetically produced fibers worldwide. Although many different polymers can be assigned to this group, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) represents by far the largest share of this group. As the name suggests, polyesters are formed through a polycondensation of carboxylic acid derivatives and alcohols into ester groups. The great success of polyester fibers is due to their excellent workability, very good and tailored properties, as well as the low cost of the material. The properties of the fibers such as thermal and shape stability, as well as mechanical properties, can be very well controlled through the formation of crystals during fiber production. Fiber production occurs predominantly according to the melt spinning process.
Advantages
Disadvantages
Come già accennato sopra, i poliesteri si formano attraverso la polimerizzazione (più precisamente policondensazione) tra derivati degli acidi carbossilici e alcoli. Nel caso del PET prodotto in grandi quantità, si tratta di acido tereftalico e glicole etilenico. L'acqua che si forma durante la reazione deve essere rimossa per poter raggiungere alti pesi molecolari e quindi proprietà del prodotto soddisfacenti. La produzione di fibre avviene in un ulteriore passaggio tramite il processo di filatura a fusione. In questo processo, con l'aiuto di una filiera, si formano filamenti che possono essere immediatamente trasformati in fibre.
Füllstoffe
2
Typ
Kurzschnitt
10
Typen
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